Free Download The Social Wasps of North America, Central America, and the Caribbean, Second Edition
by Chris Alice Kratzer
English | 2025 | ISBN: 0691253234 | 457 pages | True PDF EPUB | 396.39 MB
An authoritative, stunningly illustrated guide to every species of social wasp found in North America, Central America, and the Caribbean
Social wasps like hornets and yellowjackets use the power of teamwork to build complex societies and architectural wonders, and though they comprise only a fraction of the thousands of species in North and Central America, they are almost solely responsible for giving wasps a bad reputation. This beautifully illustrated field guide covers all known species of social wasps from the high arctic of Greenland and Alaska to the tropical forests of Panama and Grenada. Ideal for beginners, experts, and everyone in-between, The Social Wasps of North America, Central America, and the Caribbean is the ultimate guide to these beneficial yet misunderstood insects.
Features more than 900 full-color illustrations, more than 300 maps, and dozens of photos
Covers more than 200 species, including dozens of regional color forms
Shows detailed face and body patterns of queens, males, and workers
Detailed species accounts describe key identification features, size, nests, and habitat
Discusses everything from ecology, evolution, and taxonomy to anatomy, life cycle, behavior, nest architecture, conservation, and the critical roles wasps play in the environment
Shares tips and tricks for identification and for avoiding painful stings
Includes an extensive glossary and references
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